Display Technology

The display screen is applied in every aspect of our lives, our daily use of mobile phones, the family TV sets, household appliances, calculators, computers, etc., commercial use vending machine, coffee machine display screen, ATM, arcade games, etc., hospitals and beauty institutions with the various needs of medical cosmetology instrument human-computer interaction, HMI in the field of all kinds of industrial big machines, etc.

Display Technology delivers the latest technical innovations in displays and embedded computing backed by a market-leading service at every stage of the process. We provide a range of embedded and display solutions from panel PCs, computer systems, and embedded computing, to TFT LCD monitors, TFT modules, and touchscreen technologies.

A display is a computer output surface and projecting mechanism that shows text and often graphic images to the computer user, using a cathode ray tube (CRT), liquid crystal display (LCD), light-emitting diode, gas plasma, or other image projection technology. The display is usually considered to include the screen or projection surface and the device that produces the information on the screen.

Display parameters

In our everyday lives, we are surrounded by devices with displays and spend a lot of time looking at screens – be it the screens of our smartphones, laptops, or TVs. Apart from these high-resolution active-matrix displays, we are also accustomed to looking at low-resolution displays such as those of our alarm clocks, smart thermostats, and kitchen appliances. We even rely on displays when driving – from the car dashboard to the infotainment system, the surface areas devoted to displays in cars is growing rapidly.

All these display applications have specific requirements, and display system designers have to choose from a plethora of display technologies. In order to select the most suitable technology, they first need to decide which display parameters are most important for the application in mind.

In this blog, we list the most important display parameters that system designers need to take into consideration when looking for the most suitable technology for their application. We also compare some of the display technologies available using these parameters.

Display resolution: Display resolution can be specified as the number of pixels per inch (PPI) or the total number of pixels in the display. Top of the range large displays have 7680 x 4320 pixels.

Color gamut: The color gamut defines how well colors can be represented. A commonly used standard is the percentage of NTSC (National Television Standards Committee) a display can reproduce. For example, monitors for video editing must be able to reproduce 100% NTSC.

Update speed: This is the speed with which a new image can be written or updated. For reading applications, a page update in a fraction of a second is sufficient, while for gaming monitors an update frequency of 240Hz may be required.

Lifetime: Different applications are expected to have different lifetimes. For example, for mobile phones, this is around three years, while for white goods and cars the required lifetime is more than 10 years.

Contrast ratio: The contrast ratio refers to the ratio of the luminance of a white image divided by the luminance of a black image. The contrast ratios for LCD screens are measured in a dark room and can vary from 1:1000 up to 1:1500. In practice, reflections from external illumination are present and this is the reason why all emissive displays are difficult to read on a sunny day.

Power consumption: This is the electrical power required to display an image or video. This is a very important consideration for portable devices as it will impact the time the battery lasts between charges.

Conformal and bendable: This attribute refers to what extent the display can be bent or folded repeatedly. The emergence of conformable and foldable displays enables novel designs for a wide range of applications.

Cost: When selecting a display for a particular application, it is important to consider all costs related to the display, including the cost of the display component itself, housing, backlight, electronic interface, and power supply.

LED Display

It is a type of display that uses light-emitting diodes. This flat panel display is today used in many applications like to display traffic signs, displays of railway stations, a television display, etc.

µLED displays

In the last few years, several companies have been betting on mini and micro-LED (µLED) displays. Inorganic LEDs have high efficiency, long lifetime, and good color performance, and are better than most other illumination technologies, making them suitable for emissive displays. In a micro-LED display, each pixel contains a red, green, and blue LED. These LEDs are made on silicon wafers in a wafer fab, similar to LEDs for lighting applications. After slicing and dicing the LEDs, the yielded ones need to be transferred onto a display backplane. However, these displays contain millions of pixels, and transferring all these mini or micro-LEDs from wafers onto display backplanes with high yield is an enormous engineering challenge.

Backlight Board:

The advantages of the LED backlight are low cost, long life, anti-vibration, low driving voltage, and the ability to accurately control its brightness. The main disadvantage of LED backlight is the large power consumption, especially when the size of the LCD liquid crystal display is large.

LED backlight panels are widely used in small and medium-sized liquid crystal displays. LED backlight has a variety of colors to choose from: green, red, blue, amber, etc. The popularity of TFT displays has driven the market usage of white backlight panels, and its cost has been greatly reduced, making it the most commonly used product.

OLED displays

OLED displays have been under development for a very long time. Lifetime has been their weakest point, especially for the blue emitters. Lifetimes are even further reduced at high brightness. OLED displays can be divided into two types RGB OLED and WOLED.

RGB OLED displays have the red, green and blue OLED material patterned using a Fine Metal Mask (FMM) and emit light only when required. The spectrum of the red, green, and blue emitter is narrow enough to produce a wide color gamut. However, patterning these OLED materials still represents many technical challenges in mass production especially for large displays, and therefore at high volume, only small RGB OLED displays are available.

Large OLED displays mainly use WOLED technology. A white emitting OLED material is deposited on top of the active-matrix backplane and a red, green, blue and white color filter array (CFA) is placed on top of white light emitting OLED, compromising the color gamut and power efficiency.

QDOT OLED displays

To overcome the weaknesses of WOLED Samsung is investing heavily in QDOT OLED display technology for large displays. Photoluminescent red and green quantum dots are printed on top of a blue OLED backplane. This solution addresses two of the weaknesses of WOLED. Firstly, a uniform blue emitting OLED material can be deposited, avoiding the need for Fine Metal Masks. Secondly, the red and green quantum dots convert the blue light into red or green light instead of absorbing the complementary colors from white light. This has a major power efficiency improvement and the high contrast ratios typical for OLED displays can still be achieved.

Flex OLED displays

The majority of OLED dismays are made on glass substrate since glass is a perfect cheap oxygen and water barrier material, crucial for OLED. Flexible OLED displays are mainly made on polyImide substrate, which will require an additional barrier layer, increasing the cost. However flexible barrier materials are not as good as glass, compromising the lifetime.

Gallon Electric provides a new generation of OLED display technology.  With OLEDs emitting light, they have the advantage of not requiring a backlight, making them ideal for handheld instruments, car displays, portable media players, audiovisual display systems, and mobile phones.

LCD

Historically LCD displays were slow and did not have a good contrast ratio and color gamut at all viewing angles. These problems have been resolved, and today LCD accounts for more than 90% of the displays sold. The color gamut of LCD depends on the color filter used and is normally not as wide as that of an OLED display. With the introduction of QDOT and dual-cell technology similar performance as OLED can be achieved in both color and contrast.

Quantum Dot (QDOT) films placed between the backlight and the LCD panel, enable very saturated colors to be displayed. The quantum dots convert the broad LED spectra into narrow red, green and blue spectra, significantly improving the color gamut without the need for a narrow transmission band color filter.

For the dual cell technology, a monochrome LCD display is placed between the RGB LCD display and the backlight. This enables a much higher contrast ratio (1,000,000: 1) giving it similar performance to OLED, but at a lower cost.

OLCD

OLCD is a glass-free display technology that combines the benefits of LCD technology with the inherent flexibility of a high-performance organic-thin-film transistor (OTFT) backplane (which replaces the amorphous-silicon backplane used in glass displays). It enables conformable and shapeable displays that can be cost-effectively scaled to large area sizes in the same way glass LCD is scaled. OLCD displays can also be combined with a QDOT film to enhance the color performance and with a dual-cell OLCD to obtain a contrast ratio of around 1,000,000: 1.

Dual-cell OLCD brings additional advantages over glass dual-cell LCD including thinners, lightness, and flexibility. For example, the use of 40μm TAC film instead of 400μm glass substrates allows for extremely thin modules even with two cells and can be manufactured in a simpler way (than dual cell glass LCD and OLED) at a lower cost with the higher optical performance.

With so many and versatile display technologies there isn’t a universal one that fits all applications – each one of them fulfills different requirements and is therefore suitable for different applications. What makes the display industry so exciting is that display technologies keep evolving and getting better and at Flex Enable we are proud to play a role in these innovations

Electroluminescent Display

An electroluminescent display is a flat panel display that works on the principle of electroluminescence. Electroluminescence is a phenomenon where materials can emit light in response to the electric current. To make use of this phenomenon, the electroluminescent display uses gallium arsenide (GaAs) as electroluminescent material. The basic structure of the electroluminescent display consists of electrode layers at the top and bottom. Active Matrix, Thin Film, and Thick Dielectric are the three types of electroluminescent displays.

Advantages

• Thin and compact.
• Good writing speed.
• Low voltage operation.

Non-Video Displays

There are different types of Non- video displays like Vaccum Fluorescent Displays(VFDs), Seven Segment Displays, Dot-matrix display etc.

• Vacuum Fluorescent Display

VFDs are commonly used as a display device in video cassettes, ovens, car radios, etc. High contrast and better display are its features. They consist of cathodes, anodes, and grids enclosed together in a glass envelope under a high vacuum.

• Seven Segment Displays

A seven-segment display is used for the display of decimal numerals. It’s used in clocks, meters, calculators, to display information in numerical form.

• 3d Displays

Holographic displays, retina displays, fog display is some of the 3d displays famous now.

• Fog Display

It is a type of display that makes use of haze machines to create a semi-transparent wall. The wall consists of suspended particles trapped in a sheet of air which is then illuminated by the projector. The images of this display seem to be floating in the air.

Choose the Right Display for Your Next Application

When choosing the display, it is important to take the environment it will be used in and its application into account.

Monochrome Display:

Ideal for industrial / medical / IoT / automotive applications

Monochrome LCD monitors have high reliability and can be segmented / character / graphic LCDs, with low power consumption, a wide range of operating / storage temperatures, high humidity resistance, and a variety of polarizer matching options.

Gallon Electric provide products with high stability and a wide temperature range, these products are very suitable for applications such as instrumentation and control panels. Pen-segment LCDs can be used in a variety of cost-effective products that use design to reduce the number of control pins required to drive the display. Character modules range from 8×1 to 40×4. Graphics display ranges from 32×32 to 320×240 pixels. For mass production/cost considerations, IC directly bonding on the LCD can provide a more economical solution.  

Touch Monitor:

A resistive touchscreen is essential for many applications (GPS, video games, cash registers, electronic agendas, etc.), it responds to any form of pressure and is potentially more accurate than capacitive touchscreens. It works when touched by a stylus, gloved hand, bare finger, nail, etc. It is more sensitive to scratches and other damage caused by sharp objects.

The projected capacitive touch panel is equipped with standard and custom cover lens options, allowing you to have more flexible choices in terms of assembly and price. The surface treatment corresponds to the common requirements of capacitive touch products, such as anti-glare, anti-reflection, anti-fouling and other functions, which have been introduced into the projected capacitive touch panel product specifications.

Color Monitor:

Ideal for ATM / information display / security system / medical equipment

TFT and LCD panel displays are widely used in many industrial, commercial, and scientific applications.

Gallon Electric provides a variety of color TFT LCD panels from 0.96 “to 15”. We provide high-brightness, sunlight-readable TFT displays, high contrast, wide viewing angles, wide-temperature operation, longer lamp life and lower power consumption.

Gallon Electric provides products that can be more widely used in different environments, suitable for applications requiring durability and durability, such as Outdoor and mass transportation systems are more suitable for industrial control / Internet of Things / smart home.

Why Gallon Electric?

Display Technology can be used widely. From our office desk to home, street digital signboard to digital menu board display is everywhere. Gallon Electric is present here to help you in buying the perfect displays for your industry’s purpose for individual uses. If you need a bulk amount of display, gallon electric can help you with serving the best quality displays at a reasonable price.

Gallon Electric is committed to providing customers with authorized genuine components with the least risk of counterfeit. We can provide full traceability on the commercial components sold. From sales to shipping Gallon Electric is committed to meeting your requirements for the right product, on time

Gallon Electric can be your trusted supplier for display technology and related electric components because of its best price & quality and we are also committed to ensuring better technical support for you. Gallon Electric commits to quality products, high service, and timely delivery to our customers.